1. Taw qhia txog Hydrocarbons
"Hydrocarbon" yog ib hom tshuaj uas siv hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam. Organic compounds tsuas yog ob lub ntsiab lus, carbon thiab hydrogen, hu ua hydrocarbons, lossis hydrocarbons. Nws reacts nrog chlorine, bromine vapor, oxygen, thiab lwm yam los tsim hydrocarbon derivatives. Saturated hydrocarbons (thiab benzene) tsis hnov mob nrog cov kua qaub uas muaj zog, muaj zog hauv paus, thiab muaj zog oxidants (xws li poov tshuaj permanganate), tab sis unsaturated hydrocarbons (alkenes, alkynes), Benzene homologue) tuaj yeem oxidized lossis hnov mob nrog hydrogen halide.
2. Kev siv cov hydrocarbons
Cov khoom siv hydrocarbon tau siv dav hauv kev tsim khoom txhua hnub thiab lub neej. Tus neeg sawv cev tshaj plaws HCR433b hydrocarbon refrigerant nyob rau hauv cov lag luam lub neej qeb, thiab cov neeg sawv cev tshaj plaws HCR436a hydrocarbon refrigerant nyob rau hauv qeb tsheb.
1). Roj
Hydrocarbon roj yog ib tug bio-kua roj uas muaj peev xwm hloov petrochemical diesel thiab hloov roj av zog. Nws yog ib hom roj ua kua uas tsim los ntawm kev sib pauv lipid nrog ntau yam lipid tebchaw (cov roj rapeseed, cov roj paj rwb thiab cov khoom ntawm ntau cov roj zaub) thiab methanol ua raw cov ntaub ntawv raws li kev ua ntawm catalyst. Nws yog golden daj thiab nruab nrab. Thaum hlawv, tsis muaj cov pa luam yeeb dub, tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab, tsis muaj pa phem. Tom qab kev sim, txhua qhov ntsuas lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg tau mus txog cov qauv hauv tebchaws. Nws yog biomass tauj dua tshiab zog nrog ntau yam khoom siv raw thiab tus nqi qis.
2). Kev tu vaj tse
Siv rau hauv cov khoom siv kho mob, cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, moos, tsheb, tsheb, maus taus, aerospace, electronics, hluav taws xob, kua siv lead ua, semiconductor thiab lwm yam lag luam, nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm txhua yam roj, roj, soldering resin, polishing wax, thiab lwm yam.
3. Rov qab siv cov tshuaj ntxuav hydrocarbon.
Txij li thaum lub boiling point ntawm hydrocarbon ntxuav cov neeg ua hauj yog siab tshaj 150 degrees Celsius, nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo, thiab cov toxicity ntawm hydrocarbons yog tsis tshua muaj heev, yog li ntau thiab ntau hydrocarbons yog siv los ua tshuaj ntxuav nyob rau hauv industrial ntau lawm. Txawm hais tias kev puas tsuaj rau ib puag ncig los ntawm hydrocarbon pov tseg kua yog qhov tsis muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj lwm cov khoom seem hauv cov kua khib nyiab thaum lub sij hawm ntxuav, uas tseem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau ib puag ncig, yog li peb xav tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob hydrocarbon tseem tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj yog ib txoj hauv kev txuag cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm lub tuam txhab. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau siv ahydrocarbon rov qab tshuabkom rov qab tau cov kua dej pov tseg.
