1. DMF yog dab tsi?
DMF, luv luv rau dimethylamide, yog cov organic compound nrog cov mis HCON (CH?). ? Nws yog cov kua dej tsis muaj xim thiab tuaj yeem ua rau miscible nrog dej thiab feem ntau cov kuab tshuaj organic. Ntshiab dimethylformamide muaj cov ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb, thiab qib kev lag luam lossis cov khoom tsis zoo dimethylformamide muaj cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab vim nws muaj cov dimethylamine impure. Lub npe muab los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws yog dimethyl hloov pauv rau formamide (amide ntawm formic acid), thiab ob pawg methyl nyob rau ntawm N (nitrogen) atom. Nws yog ib qho hnyav rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Raws li cov polar (hydrophilic) aprotic hnyav nrog lub siab kub, nws tuaj yeem txhawb nqa SN? Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mechanism. Dimethylformamide yog tsim los ntawm methyl formate thiab dimethylamine. Dimethylformamide tsis ruaj khov thaum muaj cov hauv paus muaj zog xws li sodium hydroxide lossis muaj zog acids xws li hydrochloric lossis sulfuric acid (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau qhov kub thiab txias) thiab hydrolyzes rau formic acid thiab dimethylamine nrog qhov sib npaug HCON (CH?). ? +H? O → (CH?) NH + HCO.
Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 27, 2017, cov npe ua ntej ntawm cov carcinogens luam tawm los ntawm World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer tau sau tseg rau kev siv, thiab dimethylformamide yog nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm Class 2A carcinogens.
2. Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ntawm DMF
Spontaneous ignition point 445 degree. Qhov kev txwv tawg ntawm qhov sib xyaw ntawm chav thiab cua yog 2.2-15.2%. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhib hluav taws, kub kub yuav ua rau combustion tawg. Nws tuaj yeem hnov mob hnyav nrog cov concentrated sulfuric acid thiab fuming nitric acid thiab txawm tawg.
Thib peb, kev siv tseem ceeb ntawm DMF
Siv ib qho; Nws yog siv los ua cov tshuaj analytical reagent thiab ua kuab tshuaj rau ethylene resin thiab acetylene [5].
Siv 2; Yog ib qho zoo heev organic hnyav, siv los ua polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride hnyav, kuj siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev extraction, tshuaj thiab tshuaj tua kab chloramidine raw khoom.
Siv peb; Dimethylformamide tsis yog tsuas yog siv cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg, tab sis kuj yog siv cov kuab tshuaj zoo heev. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev ntub dej ntawm cov hluavtaws fibers xws li polyacrylonitrile fibers thiab synthesis ntawm polyurethane. Siv rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab yas; Kuj tseem siv tau los tshem tawm cov xim stripper; Nws tseem tuaj yeem yaj qee cov xim tsis muaj kuab lom, kom cov xim muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov xim. Dimethylformamide tuaj yeem siv rau kev tshem tawm cov ntxhiab tsw thiab rau kev sib cais thiab rov qab ntawm butadiene los ntawm C-4 feem thiab isoprene los ntawm C-5 feem. Nws kuj tseem siv tau los ua ib qho reagent zoo rau kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom tsis-hydrocarbon los ntawm paraffin.
Nws muaj kev xaiv zoo rau kev solubility ntawm isophthalic acid thiab terephthalic acid: lub solubility ntawm isophthalic acid nyob rau hauv dimethylformamide yog ntau dua li ntawm terephthalic acid, thiab ob tug yuav muab cais los ntawm hnyav extraction los yog ib feem crystallization nyob rau hauv dimethylformamide. Hauv kev lag luam petrochemical, dimethylformamide yog siv los ua cov roj absorber cais thiab ua kom cov pa roj. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv organic, dimethylformamide tsis yog tsuas yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj xwb, tab sis kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov organic synthesis. Nws tuaj yeem siv los tsim chloramidine hauv kev lag luam tshuaj tua kab; Hauv kev lag luam kws tshuaj, nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm sulfadiazine, doxycycline, cortisone, vitamin B6, iodoside, pamotin, thiacil, N-formylsarcomylate, antitumine, methoxyluridine, benazine, cyclohexanitrourea, fururacil, benamefestuthasarcomylate, antitumine, methoxyluridine, benazine, cyclohexanitrourea, fururacil, stynamefesturolone, stynameptic acid. , pramine thiab lwm yam. Dimethylformamide plays lub luag haujlwm catalytic hauv hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, lub cev qhuav dej thiab dehalogenation, uas txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub thiab txhim kho.
khoom purity.
Siv plaub; Non-aqueous titration reagents, cov kuab tshuaj ntawm ethylene resin thiab acetylene, organic synthesis, photometry, roj chromatography tsau kua (qhov siab tshaj plaws kev khiav hauj lwm kub 50 degree, hnyav yog methanol), sib cais thiab tsom xam ntawm C2-C5 hydrocarbons, thiab muaj peev xwm cais. N-isobutene -[1] thiab cis-butene -[2]. Tshuaj tua kab residue tsom xam. Organic synthesis. Synthesis ntawm peptides. Rau kev yees duab
kev lag luam.
Iv. Kev phom sij txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm DMF
Txoj kev ntxeem tau: inhalation, ingestion, percutaneous absorption.
Kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv:
Mob lom lom: cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm qhov muag thiab ua pa sab sauv, mob taub hau, ntxhov siab vim, xeev siab, ntuav, mob plab, cem quav, thiab lwm yam. Cov kab mob siab feem ntau tshwm sim ob peb hnub tom qab lom, mob siab, mob siab, tuaj yeem tshwm jaundice. Los ntawm daim tawv nqaij nqus cov tshuaj lom, daim tawv nqaij tshwm hlwv, edema, nplaum ntxhib, hauv zos loog, khaus, kub hnyiab.
Cov teebmeem ntev: tawv nqaij thiab mucosa khaus, neurasthenic syndrome, ntshav siab. Muaj xeev siab, ntuav, hauv siab nruj, tsis qab los noj mov, mob plab, cem quav thiab daim siab ua haujlwm hloov.
5. Puas tuaj yeem siv DMF?
Vim tias DMF muaj qee yam toxicity, tso tawm ncaj qha ntawm cov kua khib nyiab yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau ib puag ncig, thiab nws cov yam ntxwv tshuaj txiav txim siab tias DMF tuaj yeem rov ua dua los ntawm qee txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog kev txuag emission txo, kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov ntawm txoj kev.
